The year 2014 marked the 150th anniversary of the creation of the International Workingmen's Association, or First International, but also the centenary of the failure of the Second. This issue reflects on some attempts, successful and otherwise, at workers' internationalism.

William A. Pelz focuses on the efforts of the International Workingmen's Association to promote internationalism, reflecting on the efficacy of the Association's struggle. Ian Birchall considers the international perspectives of the journal La Vie ouvrière, as it sought to inform its readership of struggles abroad and promote solidarity and antimilitarism. Alban Bargain-Villéger looks at the French socialist Gustave Gluseret, a highly dubious character whose contributions to the class struggle were ineffective at best and damaging at worst. Steven Parfitt examines the repression of the Industrial Workers of the World, or Wobblies, during the First World War and their struggle for 'industrial democracy'. Jan Mervart provides an overview of the move from communist reformism to the Socialist International in the memoirs of two important Czech reformist intellectuals, Miloš Hájek and Michal Reiman.